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Contents : The historical distribution of Anthyllis montana subsp. jacquinii (Fabaceae) in Austria: insights from herbarium material M. KROPF & K.G BERNHARDT Institut f r Botanik BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences Vienna Gregor Mendel Str. 33 A-1180 Vienna Austria KROPF MATTHIAS matthias.kropf@boku.ac.at Summary Selecting representative plant individuals/populations in a conservation project at our Botanic Garden we focus on the Austrian distribution of Anthyllis montana as documented by herbarium specimens. A. montana is an European mountain plant showing a morphological and genetic differentiation into a western and eastern lineage (KROPF et al. 2002). The eastern subspecies jacquinii has its northernmost isolated habitats in Austria. The analysis of 2527 herbarium collections from overall 48 European herbaria revealed 305 specimens representing only 13 Austrian localities. The vast majority of relevant specimens was obtained by only a few Austrian herbaria (GZU LI W WU). Nevertheless some rare and therefore particularly interesting collections were also detected in non-Austrian herbaria (B JE LD NEU) indicating the importance of a comprehensive sampling for the present purpose. While six of all Austrian localities documented in herbaria represent current populations seven populations (54 %) have to be considered as extinct. Introduction As part of a conservation project at our Botanic Garden selecting representative plant individuals/populations we analyze the past distribution of Anthyllis montana in Austria. Therefore we utilize information as documented by herbarium specimens and floristic literature. Additionally the present distribution of the species and current population sizes will be monitored in Austria in the future. Anthyllis montana is a mountain plant distributed throughout the European submediterranean area as well as one isolated mountain region in Algeria. Within this distribution area the species shows an intraspecific morphological and genetic differentiation into a western and eastern lineage which might be best treated as two subspecies (c. KROPF 2002 KROPF et al. 2002). The eastern subspecies jacquinii has its northernmost marginal and isolated habitats in Austria. Therefore and due to the small number of current populations compiled we intend to investigate intraspecific population genetic diversity and geographical structuring of all known Austrian localities. In parallel cultivation of plants in our Botanic Garden will be conducted for analyses of breeding system germination ecology and future conservation purposes. Material and Methods In the first step of this project we would like to give a distributional overview utilizing the geographical information stored in European herbaria (initiated by KROPF 2002). Beside the spatial documentation of (historical) Austrian populations of Anthylis montana also ecological characteristics (e.g. altitude exposition soil co-occurring plant species etc.) and information concerning abundance were extracted if available. A total of 2527 herbarium collections of the species provided by overall 48 European herbaria have been analysed. The herbarium survey The extensive study of herbarium material revealed 305 collections deposited in 31 herbaria that document only 13 Austrian localities (Tab.1). Table 1. Present and extinct Austrian populations of Anthyllis montana subsp. jacquinii as documented by herbarium collections. Numbers in the column of the current status indicate numbers of individual plants. No. Austrian localities of Anthyllis montana Region 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Lower Austria Lower Austria Styria Lower Austria Carinthia Carinthia Lower Austria Lower Austria Lower Austria Lower Austria Lower Austria Lower Austria Anninger near Vienna Baden near Vienna Graz (Gratz) F hren-/Geissberge near Vienna: Leonhardiberg Hochobir: Obir Alpe (Obiralm) Villacher Alpe/Dobratsch F hren-/Geissberge near Vienna: Teufelstein F hren-/Geissberge near Vienna: Kalksburg F hren-/Geissberge near Vienna: Parapluieberg Hohe Wand/Kanzel G sing near Ternitz F hren-/Geissberge near Vienna: Perchtoldsdorfer Heide 12a) Perchtoldsdorfer Heide: Guglhupf 12b) Perchtoldsdorfer Heide: Kleine Heide 13 F hren-/Geissberge near Vienna: Josefswarte - unknown locality but from Austria Lower Austria No. of collections 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 4 5 16 49 Current status extinct extinct extinct extinct existent existent extinct extinct extinct existent 1000 213 6 305 The vast majority of relevant specimens was obtained by a few Austrian herbaria ( 20 specimens each: GZU LI W WU Fig.1). Nevertheless some rare and therefore particularly interesting collections were also found in non-Austrian herbaria (e.g. B JE LD NEU black bars in Fig.1) indicating the success of a comprehensive sampling over a large number of herbaria for the present purpose. ca. 7 ca. 6 1 Number of Austrian collections (Black ba

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