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Contents : International Preservation No. 33 News A Newsletter of the IFLA Core Activity on Preservation and Conservation September 2004 Contents 4 8 16 20 The Book Preservation at the NLC and the PAC China Center Zhang Zhiqing and Yan Xiangdong A Litany of Terrible No Good Very Bad' Things that Can Happen After the Disaster Randy Silverman La Biblioth que Orientale : histoire conservation et num risation May Semaan Seigneurie et Antoine Saliba Le papier permanent en France : tat des lieux en 2004 / Permanent Paper in France in 2004: Is It Necessary to Worry Sarah de Bogui 30 33 34 35 News Publications Book Reviews Events and Training INTERNATIONAL PRESERVATION N 33 NEWS September 2004 editorial The IFLA Conference in Buenos Aires proved as expected to be very fruitful and gave for the first time the opportunity to a great number of Latin-American colleagues to participate in the sessions and ask questions. It was the occasion for the Directors of the newly created Regional PAC Centres (Brazil Chile Trinidad & Tobago China South Africa) to meet to establish a joint strategy and to discuss with their colleagues their problems and possible solutions. If problems vary according to the geographical and financial situation of each centre it is obvious that the experiences undergone by each of them whether good or bad were profitable to all other centres. ISSN 0890 - 4960 International Preservation News is a publication of the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA) Core Activity on Preservation and Conservation (PAC) that reports on the preservation activities and events that support efforts to preserve materials in the world's libraries and archives. IFLA-PAC Biblioth que nationale de France Quai Fran ois-Mauriac 75706 Paris cedex 13 France Director: Marie-Th r se Varlamoff Tel: ++ 33 (0) 1 53 79 59 70 Fax: ++ 33 (0) 1 53 79 59 80 E-mail: marie-therese.varlamoff@bnf.fr Editor / Translator: Corine Koch Tel: ++ 33 (0) 1 53 79 59 71 E-mail: corine.koch@bnf.fr Spanish Translator: Solange Hernandez Typewriting: Isabelle Fornoni Layout and printing: AXPRO Paris PAC Newsletter is published free of charge three times a year. Orders address changes and all other inquiries should be sent to the Regional Centre that covers your area. See map on last page. The initiative of holding a joint meeting gathering PAC Directors and members of PAC Advisory Board was much appreciated. It enabled to note the progress accomplished these last years especially in the field of preventive preservation and to determine which actions to prioritise during the year to come: - establishment of a new PAC Centre in Benin for French-speaking African countries - creation of a North American network under the leadership of the PAC Centre of the Library of Congress to support actions initiated by Latin American or Caribbean PAC Centres (Cornell and Johns Hopkins University Libraries have already volunteered) - contacts to establish a PAC Centre in Thailand more especially dedicated to the preservation and conservation of manuscripts on palm leaves - all PAC Centres are mobilising to raise awareness on disaster preparedness and to encourage the libraries in their area to implement disaster plans and to advocate the creation of national Blue Shield Committees in their respective countries - PAC is also following up with the collaboration of the Section on Newspapers the survey it had launched two years ago on newspapers collections published in Africa. A second phase will enable to select one or two pilot projects aiming at bringing together either through microfilming or digitising processes collections which are incomplete but which are of national importance or interest and much demanded - last but not least communication remains a major issue: articles in IPN and seminars or workshops allowing a practical approach to preservation issues constitute a very important part of the communication issue. 2 No . 3 3 S e p t e m b e r 2 0 0 4 ISO 9706 q International Preser vation News 2004 by IFLA PAC has been approached by several IFLA Sections (Preservation and Conservation National Libraries Newspapers Regional Sections) for implementing co-operative actions which underlines the vitality and visibility of PAC Core Activity and the importance it has progressively gained within IFLA. I'd like to thank all actors whether they be Directors of PAC Centres or members of PAC Advisory Board for their support and actions without which such a recognition would not have been possible. Marie-Th r se Varlamoff IFLA-PAC Director ditorial pr vu le Congr s de l'IFLA Buenos Aires a t fructueux et a permis pour la premi re fois un nombre tr s important de coll gues d'Am rique Latine de participer aux r unions et d'intervenir lors des d bats. Ce fut pour les directeurs des nouveaux centres PAC l'occasion de se rencontrer et de mieux se conna tre mais aussi d' tablir une strat gie commune et de discuter avec leurs homologues des probl mes rencontr s et des solutions apporter chacun d'entre eux. Si les probl mes varient en fonction de la situation g ographique et conomique de chaque centre il s'est av r que les exp riences bonnes ou mauvaises des uns et des autres taient profitables tous. instauration d'une r union commune des directeurs PAC et du bureau consultatif a t tr s appr ci e et a permis tous de constater les progr s accomplis ces derni res ann es en mati re de conservation pr ventive notamment et de d finir les actions prioritaires mener au cours de l'ann e venir : - tablissement d'un nouveau centre PAC au B nin regroupant les pays francophones d'Afrique - cr ation d'un r seau de biblioth ques nord-am ricaines autour du centre PAC de la Biblioth que du Congr s pour pauler l'action des centres latino-am ricains et des Cara bes (Cornell et Johns Hopkins ont d j t pressenties) - contacts pour tablir un centre PAC en Tha lande plus sp cialement d di la pr servation des manuscrits sur feuilles de palmier - tous les centres PAC se mobilisent pour sensibiliser les biblioth ques dont ils ont la responsabilit se pr munir contre les catastrophes se doter d'un plan d'urgence et initier la cr ation de comit s nationaux du Bouclier Bleu dans leurs pays - le PAC poursuit en collaboration avec la Section des journaux l'enqu te sur la conservation des journaux en Afrique qu'il avait lanc e il y a deux ans. La phase suivante va permettre de s lectionner un ou deux projets pilotes dont le but est de reconstituer par microfilmage et/ou num risation des collections incompl tes mais dont la conservation est jug e essentielle et prioritaire car elles figurent parmi les collections d'int r t national et tr s demand es - enfin l'accent a t mis sur la n cessit de mieux communiquer et d'informer davantage par le biais d'IPN en particulier mais aussi en organisant des s minaires ou des ateliers permettant une approche pratique des probl mes. Comme L' Photo : Sylvie Biscioni 3 No . 3 3 S e p t e m b e r 2 0 0 4 International Preser vation News q La collaboration du programme PAC a t sollicit e par plusieurs sections de l'IFLA (Pr servation et Conservation Biblioth ques nationales Journaux Sections r gionales) preuve de la vitalit et de la visibilit croissante du programme ainsi que de l'importance qu'il a su acqu rir au sein de l'IFLA. Je voudrais remercier ici tous ses acteurs directeurs de centres r gionaux ou membres du comit consultatif sans le concours desquels un tel r sultat n'aurait pas t possible. Marie-Th r se Varlamoff Directeur d'IFLA-PAC The Book Preservation at the NLC and the PAC China Center All rights reserved All rights reserved and Yan Xiangdong Director of the International Corporation Division of the NLC by Zhang Zhiqing Director of the Rare Book Department of the NLC Introduction The National Library of China (NLC) was first established in 1909. With a rich collection of more than 24 million items currently the NLC not only ranks first among the national libraries in Asia but also boasts the largest collection of Chinese literatures in the the history the deacidification of a large number of books with acidified brittle pages. In addition the environment for the preservation of books is not in constant temperature and humidity and the severe air pollution in Beijing also poses a big challenge to book preservation. In order to better protect China's precious cultural legacies the NLC gives priorities to the following aspects for the book preservation: 1. to save the ancient books on the verge of extinction through restoration 2. to ensure the safe transference and absolute security of books by means of regulations and technologies 3. to reproduce and spread the literatures by ways of digitization and publication 4. make it people's common understanding to cherish and protect cultural wealth by means of publicity and education. 4 No . 3 3 S e p t e m b e r 2 0 0 4 world. The library has collected more than 35 thousand pieces of oracle bones or tortoise shells of the Shang Dynasty on which the inscriptions namely the predecessors of the existing Chinese characters belong to a system of characters in maturity. As many as 16 000 items Dunhuang materials are representative of the handwriting literatures in Chinese history mainly composed of Buddhist classics and mundane literatures created from the Vth to the Xth century. 1675 volumes of rare books of the Song and Yuan dynasties are a reflection of China's supreme engraving skills from the Xth to the XIVth century. Over two million items of manuscripts handwriting books prints stone rubbings precious maps New Year pictures from the XVth to the early XXth century and photos are in the possession of the library. The contemporary and modern books periodicals newspapers micro products and digital resources from home and abroad increase 300 thousand items annually in the library. As any other national libraries in the world the NLC faces grave challenges in the preservation of books including the restoration of considerable ancient books damaged by water fire worms rats and wars in International Preser vation News q This article will introduce the work in literature restoration preservation publicity and education. Literature Restoration The NLC is equipped with a professional team for literature restoration who has successfully restored over 60 thousand precious books. Under the guidance of "Restore the book as what it is like" this team has summarized a set of scientific and pragmatic methods for restoration. The guidance "Restore the book as what it is like" requires that the restoration personnel should maintain the style of former restoration not changing the original looks and the designs of ancient books. The traditional restoration method characterized by framing the whole book has been replaced by the method featuring in part restoration over those damages thus incurring no loss on the values of ancient books. Instead of screening or chemical restoration the Chinese traditional paper and starch paste are applied for restoration. The papers for restoration should be different from those original ones in order to maintain the original research information. In terms of preservation management the restoration work should be reversible. If new restoration technologies appear in the future the current restoration should be reversed to the original state for the adoption of more advanced technologies to better protect the ancient books. Those books restored under this guidance have been applauded by the restoration experts all over the world and the restoration methods in China have been gradually accepted by other countries. Members of the restoration personnel at the NLC strictly observe the principles such as apply no ground-breaking technology for restoration conduct no restoration when the conditions are not suitable cause no damage to the original pages and make plans together before restoration. Literature Preservation Aiming at minimizing the impacts of natural disasters and man-made damages the preservation of literatures is embodied in many aspects such as environment construction facilities instruments management and systems etc. The air automatic adjustment equipment was not stored inside the Wenjin Street building completed in 1931 so the temperature and humidity in the building was not under good control. When the present library building was completed in 1987 the environment for the preservation of the books has been greatly improved. The book cabinets with glasses against ultraviolet radiation free the literatures from the impacts of lamplight. The 18C temperature and the 55% relative humidity contribute a lot to preventing the worms and mildews from books. The advanced equipment for disaster prevention and supervision also ensures the safety inside the building. 5 No . 3 3 S e t p e m b e r 2 0 0 4 International Preser vation News q The Publicity of Literature Preservation In order to help the staff at the NLC and the general public to realize the importance of literature preservation and to encourage them to participate in the relevant activities the NLC has made great efforts in recent years to make publicity through newspapers broadcast and TV as well as networks and made some achievements in this regard. At present people All rights reserved can find on the website of the NLC two columns "The Ancient Book Restoration" and "The Book Preservation" which are newly open for publicity of literature preservation and restoration. "Wenjin All rights reserved

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